VIDYA - A JOURNAL OF GUJARAT UNIVERSITY

EXPLORING THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF CELIBACY SYNDROME: SOCIETAL TRENDS AND THEIR IMPACT IN JAPAN

Pankaj Sharma — 2024-10-30

This study investigates the complex impact of celibacy syndrome on social and economic aspects in Japan, where there has been a noticeable reduction in interest and engagement in romantic relationships and sexual activities, particularly among the younger generation. To meet the objective of this study, descriptive research design has been used. The data has been collected from secondary sources like national reports on fertility survey of Japan, news articles, and statista database, published research articles and research papers. In conclusion, the impact of celibacy syndrome in Japan extends across individuals, society, business, and the economy, showcasing a nuanced interplay of both positive and challenging consequences. While financial autonomy, personal transformation, and a focus on learning emerge as positive individual outcomes, there are concerns regarding social withdrawal, loneliness, and potential mental health challenges. Societal impacts include shifts in cultural norms and challenges to social cohesion. In the business realm, a highly dedicated workforce may be a positive outcome, but demographic challenges and changes in consumer behavior pose economic risks. This study can be further extended by collecting first hand data and experience from the individuals to support with empirical evidences.

कठोपनिषद् में वर्णित ॐकार का शिक्षापत्री के साथ तुलनात्मक अध्ययन

Mansi Pandya — 2024-10-30

पृष्ठभूमि: कठोपनिषद् कृष्णयजुर्वेद की कठ/काठक शाखा का प्रमुख उपनिषद है, जिसमें यम और नचिकेता के बीच का संवाद केन्द्रित है। यह उपनिषद आत्मा, परमात्मा, और ॐकार के गूढ़ रहस्यों की चर्चा करता है। उद्देश्य: कठोपनिषद् में ॐकार के महत्त्व को समझा कर उसके विभिन्न आयामों, जैसे कि ब्रह्म, जीवात्मा, और माया के संदर्भ में उसका शिक्षापत्री के साथ तुलनात्मक अध्ययन करना है। महत्त्व: ॐकार को न केवल सृष्टिकर्ता और पालनकर्ता ईश्वर माना गया है, बल्कि यह मोक्ष का द्वार भी माना गया है। शिक्षापत्री में ईश्वर को श्रीकृष्ण के रूप में दर्शाया गया है, जिससे यह स्पष्ट होता है कि ईश्वर मोक्ष और परम सिद्धि का साधन है। परिणाम: इस अध्ययन में पाया गया कि कठोपनिषद में ॐकार की तीन ध्वनियों—अ, उ, और म—का विशद वर्णन किया गया है। अकार परमात्मा, उकार जीवात्मा, और मकार माया (प्रकृति) का प्रतीक है, जो मिलकर ब्रह्मांड की तीन अवस्थाओं का प्रतिनिधित्व करते हैं। दोनों ग्रंथों में ॐकार और ईश्वर को ब्रह्म के सर्वोच्च स्वरूप के रूप में प्रतिष्ठित किया गया है, जो संपूर्ण सृष्टि और जीवात्मा का मार्गदर्शक है।

PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES OF TOURISM INDUSTRY IN GUJARAT- A GEOGRAPHICAL STUDY

Sukanta Sarkar — 2024-10-30

The paper discussed the prospects and challenges of tourism development in Gujarat. It has found that state is blessed with natural landscapes and historical monuments. Gujarat has rich history and have numerous places of attractions. It has popular tourist places like Dakor, Girnar, Palitana, Dwarka, and Ambaji. It is home of many pilgrimages sites. The state is home to many Buddhist monuments. It is renowned for its breath-taking views, serene surroundings, and warm hospitality. Tourist arrivals was declined in state for corona pandemic effects, but post-corona recovery are noticeable. The state has more opportunities in spiritual/wellness tourism, beach and water-based tourism, religious tourism, cuisine tourism, eco-tourism, rural tourism, heritage tourism, adventure and recreational tourism. There are many challenges before the tourism industry. Therefore, Government should implement tourism policies for development of tourist sites and comfortability of the tourists.

THE NONSINGULAR PARADIGM OF ACADEMIC ENTERPRISE: ENSURING QUALITY THROUGH RATIONALITY, NEGOTIABILITY, COMMUNICABILITY, AND SHAREABILITY

Gurudutta Japee — 2024-10-30

Academic enterprises, encompassing universities, colleges, and research institutions, play a pivotal role in advancing knowledge, fostering intellectual growth, and contributing to societal progress. Unlike monolithic organizations, academic institutions operate within a nonsingular paradigm, characterized by diversity in thought, disciplines, and methodologies. The quality of these institutions is ensured by practicing four key principles: rationality, negotiability, communicability, and shareability. This essay explores these principles and how they collectively sustain and enhance the quality of academic enterprises.

सामाजिक परिवर्तन और प्रगतिवादी सोच की धनी सावित्रीबाई फुले

हरपाल बौद्ध — 2024-10-30

आधुनिक भारत का इतिहास सामाजिक क्रांतिकारी महामना जोतिबा फुले और क्रांतिज्योति सावित्रीबाई फुले के बिना अधूरा ही नहीं अपूर्ण भी है I फुले दंपति ने अपने काल में सामाजिक परिवर्तन के लिए युग परिवर्तनकारी महान कार्य किए थे I उनके त्याग और बलिदान ने वंचितो और शोषितों को नया जीवन दिया था और उनमें ऊपर उठने का जजबा जगाया था I महाकारुणिक बुद्ध के बाद उन्नीसवी सदी में फुले दंपति ने समाज के दबे-कुचले और पिछड़े तबकों के लोगों के लिए काफी सराहनीय कार्य किए और उनको मानवीय अधिकार दिलाने के लिए अपना सबकुछ दाव पर लगा दिया था I अकसर कहा जाता आया है कि एक सफल पुरुष के पीछे एक स्त्री का हाथ होता है जिसमें स्त्री की भूमिका को कम ही आँकी गई है I पर वास्तव में सावित्रीबाई के जीवन से यह स्पष्ट हो जाता है की एक स्त्री पुरुष के पीछे नहीं बल्कि जब कंधे कंधे मिलाकर काम करती है तब इतिहास बदल जाता है और नए युग का निर्माण होता है I सावित्रीबाई फुले और जोतिबा फुले की शीलवान और चरित्रवान जोड़ी ने युगों का इतिहास बदल दिया और मानवीय अधिकारों को प्रस्थापित कर नए युग की नींव मजबूती से स्थापित की I

આંગિક અંને વાચિક અભિનયના સંદર્ભ સાથે ભરતનાટ્યમના મૂર્ત તેમજ અમૂર્ત પાસાઓ

દર્શિની મોદી — 2024-10-30

દરેક મંચિય કલા, અન્ય કલાઓ કરતાં વિશિષ્ટ કલા છે કારણ કે તેમાં સર્જક અને સર્જનનું માધ્યમ બંને પૃથક્ નહિ પણ એક જ છે. કલાકારનું શરીર, ચેતના, મન, વાણી એ જ અભિવ્યક્તિનું માધ્યમ છે. કલાકાર પોતાના દેહને માધ્યમ બનાવી પાત્રનું સર્જન કરે છે. ચિત્રકળામાં રંગ, પીંછી તથા કેનવાસ-સર્જન માટેનાં સાધનો તથા ચિત્રકારની સર્જક ચેતના બંને પૃથક્ છે. વાદ્યવાદનકળામાં વાદક તથા અભિવ્યક્તિનું માધ્યમ-વાદ્ય-બંને અલગ છે જ્યારે અભિનયકળામાં સર્જક અને સર્જનનું માધ્યમ બંને તે કલાકાર જ છે. તે પોતાના મન, વાણી અને વર્તન દ્વારા પાત્રને જીવંત કરે છે, પ્રત્યક્ષપણે તેનો સાક્ષાત્કાર કરાવે છે. ચારેય અભિનયના પ્રકાર એ દરેક શાસ્ત્રીય નૃત્ય શૈલીના પાયામાં છે. અભિનયએ ભરતનાટ્યમમાં દોરાના વણાટ તરીકેનું કામ ભજવે છે જે નૃત્યના વ્યક્તિગત હલન ચલન ને સુસંગત અને આકર્ષક કથામાં પરીવર્તિત કરે છે. આંગિક, વાચિક, આહાર્ય અને સાત્વિક અભિનયનો કુશળતાપૂર્વક સંકલન કરીને નર્તકો પ્રેક્ષકોને ભાવનાત્મક અને રસાત્મક સ્તર સુધી અનુભવ કરાવે છે.

સંસ્કૃત સાહિત્યમાં પર્યાવરણ સંરક્ષણ- વર્તમાન પરિપ્રેક્ષ્યમાં

પ્રકાશચંદ્ર જોષી — 2024-10-30

પ્રાચીન સમયથી ભારતીય સંસ્કૃતિમાં પર્યાવરણ સંરક્ષણનું મહત્વ રહ્યું છે. ભારતીય ઋષિઓએ પ્રકૃતિના ખુલ્લા વાતાવરણને તેમના સ્થાન તરીકે પસંદ કર્યું. જે પર્યાવરણના દૃષ્ટિકોણથી ઉપયોગી સાબિત થયા છે. પ્રાચીન કાળમાં અસ્તિત્વ ધરાવતા તમામ તીર્થ સ્થાનો લોકોના ઘોંઘાટથી દૂર પ્રકૃતિની ગોદમાં આવેલાં હતાં. તે સમયે પર્યાવરણની કોઈ સમસ્યા નહોતી, કારણ કે ઋષિમુનિઓ સંપૂર્ણપણે પર્યાવરણ પ્રત્યે સમર્પિત હતા. તેઓ પર્યાવરણને શુદ્ધ રાખવાના હેતુથી યજ્ઞ કરતા હતા. ઋષિમુનિઓ શહેરથી દૂર જંગલોમાં પોતાના આશ્રમો બનાવતા હતા. ઋષિઓ અને રહસ્યવાદીઓ માનતા હતા કે સારા વિચારો પ્રકૃતિના સુંદર અને શુદ્ધ વાતાવરણમાં જ આવે છે. આજના વૈજ્ઞાનિકો કહે છે તેમ, શુદ્ધ વાતાવરણમાં જ સારા મગજનો વિકાસ થાય છે. તેથી, પ્રાચીન સમયમાં, પર્યાવરણની કોઈ સમસ્યા ન હોવા છતાં, ઋષિમુનિઓ શુદ્ધ પર્યાવરણની જાળવણી માટે સમાજમાં વિશેષ યોગદાન આપતા હતા.

PRANAYAMA AND ITS ROLE IN MANAGING COMPETITIVE ANXIETY: A STUDY ON FEMALE BASKETBALL PLAYERS

Kritika Rathod — 2024-12-26

This study explores the impact of pranayama, a yogic breathing practice, on reducing state anxiety in collegiate female basketball players facing competitive pressures. Anxiety is a key psychological factor that can hinder athletic performance, and effective strategies to manage it are critical. The study involved nine female athletes (19.11 ± 0.93) competing at collegiate and district levels, who participated in a single-group, pre-post intervention design. Using the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) to measure anxiety levels, assessments were conducted before and after an eight-week yoga-based intervention. The results revealed a significant reduction (p<0.05) in both somatic and cognitive components of state anxiety, alongside a notable improvement in self-confidence (p<0.05). These findings suggest that integrating pranayama into athletes’ training regimens can effectively alleviate pre-competitive anxiety, bolster psychological resilience, and enhance overall readiness for competition. The study emphasises the potential of pranayama as a practical and beneficial tool in sports psychology and athlete development programs.

ANALYZING THE IMPACT OF THE ARMS TRADE TREATY ON HUMAN SECURITY: REGIONAL INSIGHTS

Dimpal Raval — 2024-12-26

The Arms Trade Treaty (ATT), which was adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations in 2013 and entered into force on December 24, 2014, is another important step forward for regulation of the trade in conventional arms and for mitigating some of the harmful effects of armed conflict on human security. This research article delves into the ATT’s implications for human security, emphasizing its role in preventing human rights abuses and promoting transparency and accountability in arms transfers. The ATT mandates comprehensive risk assessments by state parties before authorizing arms exports, ensuring that these transfers do not contribute to the human suffering or violate of international humanitarian law. By fostering international cooperation and robust national control systems, the treaty aims to curb the illicit arms trade, which exacerbates violence and hinders development, particularly in conflict-prone regions. The article highlights the ATT’s significance in integrating human security concepts into arms export controls, despite challenges in changing state behavior and the treaty’s limitations, such as the exclusion of non-state actors and emerging technologies. Through regional insights, the study examines the ATT’s impact on human security in Sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, Asia-Pacific and Europe. Identifying both successes and areas for improvement. This Article underscores the need for enhanced implementation strategies, political will, and international collaboration fully with the ATT is potential in safeguarding human security and promoting sustainable development in a world fraught with violence and instability.

EFFECT OF YOGA INTERVENTION ON COMPETITIVE ANXIETY AMONG COLLEGIATE TENNIS PLAYERS

Tresha Rathod — 2024-12-26

Objective: Competitive anxiety is a psychological factor that negatively impacts sports performance and self-confidence among athletes. This study investigates the impact of an 8-week yoga-based intervention on competitive anxiety and self-confidence among collegiate tennis players. Methods: A one-group pretest-posttest research design was adopted, with 47 tennis players (27 males, 20 females) aged 17 to 22 years participating. Participants were assessed for cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, and self-confidence using the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) before and after the intervention. The yoga module, comprising breathing exercises (prāṇāyāma), mindfulness-based postures (āsanas), and sound-based relaxation (nāda yoga), was implemented thrice weekly for 45 minutes over eight weeks. Data were analyzed for pre-post changes in anxiety and self-confidence levels. Results: Significant reductions were observed in cognitive anxiety (males: t = 3.197, p < 0.001; females: t = 2.443, p < 0.05) and somatic anxiety (males: t = 3.620, p < 0.001; females: t = 4.947, p < 0.001). Self-confidence levels significantly improved among both males (t = 2.929, p < 0.001) and females (t = 3.622, p < 0.001). Gender differences in baseline anxiety levels were evident, with females reporting higher cognitive and somatic anxiety than males. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that yoga significantly reduces competitive anxiety and enhances self-confidence among young tennis players, underscoring its effectiveness as a psychological tool for athletes. This study highlights the potential of yoga-based interventions to address the psychological demands of competitive sports, particularly for tennis players, and calls for further exploration of gender-specific impacts.

GLOBALISATION MOVEMENTS AND ITS IDENTITY: UNVEILING ANTI-WTO PROTESTS THROUGH THE LENS OF INDIAN FARMERS' AGITATIONS

Sailen Das — 2024-12-26

The study aims to examine if the globalisation movement constitutes a novel and distinct type of politics that has arisen worldwide since the mid-1990s. A coalition of diverse demonstrators from many sectors of society joined forces to combat the inequities resulting from globalization. The movement employs highly democratic political methods and confrontational strategies to directly target the economic and political systems of global capital. This study aims to examine the predominant political nature of such movements. The primary question that this study seeks to address is whether the globalisation movement is primarily driven by identity-based concerns or concerns related to economic and political development. This article examines several case studies on direct-action politics and globalisation movements, specifically focusing on farmers' protests against anti-WTO policies in the Indian setting. This article aims to support this remark by utilizing data from many sources such as literature, official records, and field work. The study picked two prominent farmers' associations, namely Karnataka Rajjya Rasta Sangha and Bharatiya Kishan Union. Approximately 200 farmers, accompanied by renowned leaders, were chosen during field trips to investigate the entitlement to identity, nature, role, and importance of the study.